Prometheus介绍与安装

Prometheus简介

Prometheus是最初在SoundCloud上构建的开源系统监视和警报工具包。自2012年成立以来，许多公司和组织都采用了Prometheus，该项目拥有非常活跃的开发人员和用户社区。现在，它是一个独立的开源项目，并且独立于任何公司进行维护。为了强调这一点并阐明项目的治理结构，Prometheus在2016年加入了 Cloud Native Computing Foundation，这是继Kubernetes之后的第二个托管项目。

特点

一个多维数据模型，其中包含通过度量标准名称和键/值对标识的时间序列数据
PromQL，一种灵活的查询语言，可利用此维度
不依赖分布式存储；单服务器节点是自治的
时间序列收集通过HTTP上的拉模型进行
通过中间网关支持推送时间序列
通过服务发现或静态配置发现目标

多种图形和仪表板支持模式

体系

Prometheus安装

GO安装

GO官网

[root@prometheus ~]# wget https://golang.google.cn/dl/go1.15.7.linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@prometheus ~]# tar -zxvf go1.15.7.linux-amd64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@prometheus ~]# vim /etc/profile
···
export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/go/bin
···
# 配置环境变量
[root@prometheus ~]# source /etc/profile
[root@prometheus ~]# go version
go version go1.15.7 linux/amd64
# 查看go版本

Prometheus安装

Prometheus官网

[root@prometheus ~]# wget https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/releases/download/v2.24.1/prometheus-2.24.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@prometheus ~]# tar -zxvf prometheus-2.24.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@prometheus ~]# ln -sv /usr/local/prometheus-2.24.1.linux-amd64/ /usr/local/Prometheus
‘/usr/local/Prometheus’ -> ‘/usr/local/prometheus-2.24.1.linux-amd64/’
[root@prometheus ~]# /usr/local/Prometheus/prometheus --config.file=/usr/local/Prometheus/prometheus.yml &
# 启动promethus服务

打开 http://localhost:9090/ ,可查看普罗米修斯自带的监控页面

Grafana安装

Grafana官网

[root@prometheus ~]# wget https://dl.grafana.com/oss/release/grafana-7.3.7.linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@prometheus ~]# tar -zxvf grafana-7.3.7.linux-amd64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@prometheus ~]# cd /usr/local/grafana-7.3.7/
[root@prometheus grafana-7.3.7]# ./bin/grafana-server web &

打开 http://localhost:3000/ ,验证是否成功

账号：admin
密码：admin

添加prometheus数据源

点击界面的 “Add data source”

选择Prometheus

Dashboards页面选择 “Prometheus 2.0 Stats”

Settings页面填写 prometheus 地址并保存

切换到 “Prometheus 2.0 Stats” 查看整个监控页面

添加常用监控项

MariaDB监控

[root@prometheus ~]# vim /usr/local/Prometheus/prometheus.yml
···
# MySQL监控
  - job_name: 'MariaDB'
    static_configs:
    - targets: ['192.168.0.63:9104']
# 默认mysqld-exporter端口为9104
···
[root@prometheus ~]# pkill prometheus
[root@prometheus ~]# /usr/local/Prometheus/prometheus --config.file=/usr/local/Prometheus/prometheus.yml &
# 重启下 Prometheus

MariaDB 安装方法此处略

[root@mariadb ~]# wget https://github.com/prometheus/mysqld_exporter/releases/download/v0.12.1/mysqld_exporter-0.12.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
[root@mariadb ~]# tar -zxvf mysqld_exporter-0.12.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz -C /usr/local/
[root@mariadb ~]# cd /usr/local/mysqld_exporter-0.12.1.linux-amd64/
[root@mariadb mysqld_exporter-0.12.1.linux-amd64]# vim .my.cnf
[client]
user=root
password=password
# 设置配置文件，user为数据库登录用户，password为这个用户的密码
[root@mariadb mysqld_exporter-0.12.1.linux-amd64]# /usr/local/mysqld_exporter-0.12.1.linux-amd64/mysqld_exporter --config.my-cnf="/usr/local/mysqld_exporter-0.12.1.linux-amd64/.my.cnf" &
[1] 24834
INFO[0000] Starting mysqld_exporter (version=0.12.1, branch=HEAD, revision=48667bf7c3b438b5e93b259f3d17b70a7c9aff96)  source="mysqld_exporter.go:257"
INFO[0000] Build context (go=go1.12.7, user=root@0b3e56a7bc0a, date=20190729-12:35:58)  source="mysqld_exporter.go:258"
INFO[0000] Enabled scrapers:                             source="mysqld_exporter.go:269"
INFO[0000]  --collect.global_status                      source="mysqld_exporter.go:273"
INFO[0000]  --collect.global_variables                   source="mysqld_exporter.go:273"
INFO[0000]  --collect.slave_status                       source="mysqld_exporter.go:273"
INFO[0000]  --collect.info_schema.innodb_cmp             source="mysqld_exporter.go:273"
INFO[0000]  --collect.info_schema.innodb_cmpmem          source="mysqld_exporter.go:273"
INFO[0000]  --collect.info_schema.query_response_time    source="mysqld_exporter.go:273"
INFO[0000] Listening on :9104                            source="mysqld_exporter.go:283"
# 启动mysqld-exporter
[root@mariadb ~]# mysql -uroot -p
Enter password: 
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor.  Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 28834
Server version: 10.5.8-MariaDB MariaDB Server

Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.

Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.

MariaDB [(none)]> grant all on jumpserver.* to 'root'@'%'identified by 'password';   
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.001 sec)

访问 http://localhost:9090/

Grafana 添加MariaDB数据源

添加需要被监控的数据库及相关信息

查看监控

Redis监控

redis_exporter

[root@redis ~]# git clone https://github.com/oliver006/redis_exporter.git
[root@redis ~]# cd redis_exporter
[root@redis redis_exporter]# go build .
go: github.com/gomodule/redigo@v1.8.3: Get "https://proxy.golang.org/github.com/gomodule/redigo/@v/v1.8.3.mod": dial tcp 172.217.27.145:443: i/o timeout
# 这个异常的原因是因为某些特殊原因, 我们无法下载墙外的依赖, 所以我们需要去代理服务器进行下载
[root@redis redis_exporter]# vim /etc/profile
···
export GOPROXY=https://goproxy.io/
[root@redis redis_exporter]# go build .
[root@redis redis_exporter]# ./redis_exporter --version
INFO[0000] Redis Metrics Exporter <<< filled in by build >>>    build date: <<< filled in by build >>>    sha1: <<< filled in by build >>>    Go: go1.15.7    GOOS: linux    GOARCH: amd64 
[root@redis redis_exporter]# ./redis_exporter -redis.addr 192.168.0.64:6379 -redis.password "password" &

[root@prometheus ~]# vim /usr/local/Prometheus/prometheus.yml
···
# Redis监控
  - job_name: 'Redis'
    static_configs:
    - targets: ['192.168.0.64:9121']               
# 默认redis-exporter端口为9121
···
[root@prometheus ~]# pkill prometheus
[root@prometheus ~]# /usr/local/Prometheus/prometheus --config.file=/usr/local/Prometheus/prometheus.yml &
# 重启下 Prometheus

访问 http://localhost:9090/

访问 http://localhost:3000/

未完待续。。。